COMPOSITES

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COMPOSITES

Composites have been sharply improved after Condensation reactions in 1930’s. Therefore, composite is highly radical in addition to adobe. During World War 2, the first plastic composite samples had been used for the purpose of military. After 1946, composite have become a commercial product all around the World.  Hence, it is still a new material. Since the first applications, lots of innovations had been done both on reinforcement materials, as well as matrix materials. The new high-performance value composite materials have been produced by applying new combinations. Composite materials have a huge potential since they can be used in infinitely many area of utilization. In composite materials, the matrix resin properties, types of reinforcement materials and configuration of installation, the mechanical, chemical and thermal properties can be extremely oxidized. Therefore, composite materials have conventional use compare to other nonnuclear manufacturing materials. Namely, when manufacturing process is conducted with nonnuclear materials, the only crucial thing is to mold the material. However, in manufacturing process of composite materials, both giving shape and manufacturing the products occur at the same time. Thus, composite materials have become a critical competitor to nonnuclear engineering materials. Nowadays, the percentage of consuming composite materials per percent has become a criterion of level of improvement in worldwide. According to statistics, the annual increase rate of composite usage in worldwide is %3, however; It is gladsome to have the annual increase rate of %12in Turkey. In the case of holding this enhancement, Turkey is going to reach to the rate of advanced countries in near future. The eligible properties of composite materials bring about some deficiencies compare to nonnuclear materials. The reason for this is obvious since the all psychical and chemical properties of nonnuclear materials are well identified. However, due to diversity of composite materials, some characteristics of composites unfortunately cannot be described and measured. This makes composite materials formative. Furthermore, another deficiency of composite materials is standardization. Although nonnuclear materials acquire a standard value in terms of their all qualifications, composite materials haven’t attained any standard qualification yet. Commencement of applying composites in Turkey has started with polyester water tanks and hoods of cars, especially “Anadol” branded cars that were made in Turkey. Firstly, these composite materials had been used in elementary level until automation methods had found which took a lot of time to seize. The first reason for this to have a cheap labor force in Turkey and the second one is to invest a great quantity of money to machines and molds of composite materials. Mass production in Turkey had initialized after having need of mass production, increasing value of labor force and expectations of more aesthetic products in market. However, there are a few numbers of qualified staff in the sense of composite materials. Companies educate their personal according to crucial needs of their company policies with basic knowledge. Unfortunately, these educations do not base upon a scientific foundation. Therefore, it cannot be said that these workers are so well educated in terms of composite materials. In such a case, companies should attach importance to provide well educated upper level staffs that have an education, which is based on scientific foundation, about producing and applying composites. As a matter of fact that, Gebze High Technology Institute gives lectures on GRP Composite Materials in Sabancı University. In addition to this, lectures on Composite Materials has been started to given in other universities either. Besides, it is a great improvement on this issue that a lot of thesis, post graduate and PhD thesis have been writing up about composites. By the notion of “Composite Engineering”, composites can be investigated at all points in terms of retrieving standardization, being ascertainable in all experiments and analyzing these experiment’s results to achieve pioneer enhancements on usage and production of composite materials.

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